The concentration profile of 40 polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in surface water along the River Rhine watershed from the Lake Constance to the North Sea was investigated. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of point as well as diffuse sources, to estimate fluxes of PFAS into the North Sea and to identify replacement compounds of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). In addition, an interlaboratory comparison of the method performance was conducted. The PFAS pattern was dominated by perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) with concentrations up to 181 ng/L and 335 ng/L, respectively, which originated from industrial point sources. Fluxes of Sigma PFAS were estimated to be similar to 6 tonnes/year which is much higher than previous estimations. Both, the River Rhine and the River Scheldt, seem to act as important sources of PFAS into the North Sea.
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机译：研究了从康斯坦茨湖到北海沿莱茵河流域的地表水中40种多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的浓度分布。这项研究的目的是调查点源和扩散源的影响，以估计进入北海的PFAS通量，并确定全氟辛烷磺酸盐（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）的替代化合物。此外，进行了实验室间方法性能的比较。 PFAS模式主要由来自工业点源的全氟丁烷磺酸盐（PFBS）和全氟丁酸（PFBA）分别控制，浓度分别高达181 ng / L和335 ng / L。 Sigma PFAS的通量估计约为每年6吨，远高于先前的估计。莱茵河和谢尔德河都似乎是进入北海的PFAS的重要来源。
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